http://law.journalfeeds.com/category/international/european-journal-of-international-law/ the knowledge syndicate Fri, 10 Feb 2012 02:12:59 +0000 en hourly 1 http://wordpress.org/?v=3.0.1 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/on-reading-horace-odes-3-2-with-rusty-latin/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/on-reading-horace-odes-3-2-with-rusty-latin/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:42 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/on-reading-horace-odes-3-2-with-rusty-latin/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/rudiger-wolfrum-peter-tobias-stoll-and-holger-p-hestermeyer-eds-wto-trade-in-goods/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/rudiger-wolfrum-peter-tobias-stoll-and-holger-p-hestermeyer-eds-wto-trade-in-goods/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:42 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/rudiger-wolfrum-peter-tobias-stoll-and-holger-p-hestermeyer-eds-wto-trade-in-goods/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/gregory-c-shaffer-and-ricardo-melendez-ortiz-eds-dispute-settlement-at-the-wto-the-developing-country-experience/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/gregory-c-shaffer-and-ricardo-melendez-ortiz-eds-dispute-settlement-at-the-wto-the-developing-country-experience/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:42 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/gregory-c-shaffer-and-ricardo-melendez-ortiz-eds-dispute-settlement-at-the-wto-the-developing-country-experience/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/michael-p-scharf-and-paul-r-williams-shaping-foreign-policy-in-times-of-crisis-the-role-of-international-law-and-the-state-department-legal-adviser/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/michael-p-scharf-and-paul-r-williams-shaping-foreign-policy-in-times-of-crisis-the-role-of-international-law-and-the-state-department-legal-adviser/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:42 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/michael-p-scharf-and-paul-r-williams-shaping-foreign-policy-in-times-of-crisis-the-role-of-international-law-and-the-state-department-legal-adviser/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/ulrich-fastenrath-rudolf-geiger-daniel-erasmus-khan-andreas-paulus-sabine-von-schorlemer-christoph-vedder-eds-from-bilateralism-to-community-interest-essays-in-honour-of-judge-bruno-simma/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/ulrich-fastenrath-rudolf-geiger-daniel-erasmus-khan-andreas-paulus-sabine-von-schorlemer-christoph-vedder-eds-from-bilateralism-to-community-interest-essays-in-honour-of-judge-bruno-simma/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:42 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/ulrich-fastenrath-rudolf-geiger-daniel-erasmus-khan-andreas-paulus-sabine-von-schorlemer-christoph-vedder-eds-from-bilateralism-to-community-interest-essays-in-honour-of-judge-bruno-simma/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/giuseppe-martinico-and-oreste-pollicino-eds-the-national-judicial-treatment-of-the-echr-and-eu-laws-a-comparative-constitutional-perspective/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/giuseppe-martinico-and-oreste-pollicino-eds-the-national-judicial-treatment-of-the-echr-and-eu-laws-a-comparative-constitutional-perspective/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:42 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/giuseppe-martinico-and-oreste-pollicino-eds-the-national-judicial-treatment-of-the-echr-and-eu-laws-a-comparative-constitutional-perspective/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/sir-hersch-lauterpacht-the-function-of-law-in-the-international-community/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/sir-hersch-lauterpacht-the-function-of-law-in-the-international-community/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/sir-hersch-lauterpacht-the-function-of-law-in-the-international-community/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/doing-justice-to-the-political-the-international-criminal-court-in-uganda-and-sudan-a-reply-to-sarah-nouwen-and-wouter-werner/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/doing-justice-to-the-political-the-international-criminal-court-in-uganda-and-sudan-a-reply-to-sarah-nouwen-and-wouter-werner/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:41 +0000 admin This article is a reaction to Sarah Nouwen and Wouter Werner, ‘Doing Justice to the Political. The International Criminal Court in Uganda and Sudan’, 21 EJIL (2010) 941. It takes issue with attempts to understand international law and particularly the workings of the International Criminal Court in terms of Carl Schmitt’s thesis on the political as distinguishing between friend and enemy. My contention is that parties to a violent/political conflict may try to mobilize the law in their struggle, but that the structure of the law itself escapes the logic of the political: law cannot be ‘political’ in the Schmittian sense. The unexpected upshot of this is that Schmitt’s notion of the political may operate as a normative criterion for testing whether legal officials are still respecting the constraints of their practice. If legal authorities are indeed in the business of defining the enemy of mankind, then they are not doing this through or with the help of the law. They may simply act against the law. To substantiate this point, the article thinks through the difference between conventional and absolute/real enemies and contrasts these notions with the characteristics of (international criminal) law.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/doing-justice-to-the-political-the-international-criminal-court-in-uganda-and-sudan-a-reply-to-sarah-nouwen-and-wouter-werner/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/peter-g-danchin-and-horst-fischer-eds-united-nations-reform-and-the-new-collective-security-spencer-zifcak-united-nations-reform-heading-north-or-south/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/peter-g-danchin-and-horst-fischer-eds-united-nations-reform-and-the-new-collective-security-spencer-zifcak-united-nations-reform-heading-north-or-south/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/peter-g-danchin-and-horst-fischer-eds-united-nations-reform-and-the-new-collective-security-spencer-zifcak-united-nations-reform-heading-north-or-south/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/regulating-war-a-taxonomy-in-global-administrative-law/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/regulating-war-a-taxonomy-in-global-administrative-law/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:41 +0000 admin This article examines the intersection between the private security and military industry and the emerging framework of global administrative law (‘GAL’). I explore in this article one aspect of this intersection, namely the use of GAL to create a taxonomy of the industry’s regulatory schemes. The industry is characterized by a fragmented and decentralized regulatory framework, which has yet to be presented in a complete and orderly fashion. This article fills the gap by applying GAL’s methodology to the private security and military industry. Using the industry as a case study in GAL, I identify (1) international formal administration (the United Nations Working Group on Mercenaries); (2) distributed domestic administration (contract and domestic legislation); (3) hybrid modes of administration (multi-stakeholder initiatives); and (4) private modes of administration (industry associations and codes of conduct). By emphasizing – but not limiting itself to – hybrid and private modes of administration, this article describes what is an increasingly complex manifestation of global governance. Its purpose is to highlight GAL’s potential in understanding and contending with the growth of the private security and military industry.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/regulating-war-a-taxonomy-in-global-administrative-law/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/jane-mcadam-ed-climate-change-and-displacement-multidisciplinary-perspectives/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/jane-mcadam-ed-climate-change-and-displacement-multidisciplinary-perspectives/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/jane-mcadam-ed-climate-change-and-displacement-multidisciplinary-perspectives/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/olivier-corten-the-law-against-war/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/olivier-corten-the-law-against-war/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/olivier-corten-the-law-against-war/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/samantha-besson-and-john-tasioulas-eds-the-philosophy-of-international-law/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/samantha-besson-and-john-tasioulas-eds-the-philosophy-of-international-law/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/samantha-besson-and-john-tasioulas-eds-the-philosophy-of-international-law/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-convergence-of-the-european-legal-system-in-the-treatment-of-third-country-nationals-in-europe-the-ecj-and-ecthr-jurisprudence/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-convergence-of-the-european-legal-system-in-the-treatment-of-third-country-nationals-in-europe-the-ecj-and-ecthr-jurisprudence/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:41 +0000 admin This article, based on a broader project, focuses on the interaction between the two European Courts (the Court of Justice of the European Union – ECJ and the European Court of Human Rights – ECtHR) and uses the specific area of expulsion/deportation of third country nationals (non-EU nationals) from European territory as a case study. The work examines the ECJ’s and ECtHR’s divergent approaches in this area of law, and it then provides some preliminary reflections on the potential of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights and the EU’s accession to the European Convention of Human Rights (ECHR) to achieve a more harmonious and convergent human rights system in Europe. It finally argues that the post-Lisbon era has the potential to enhance the protection of fundamental rights within the continent.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-convergence-of-the-european-legal-system-in-the-treatment-of-third-country-nationals-in-europe-the-ecj-and-ecthr-jurisprudence/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/roaming-charges-places-of-worship-piazza-duomo-milano/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/roaming-charges-places-of-worship-piazza-duomo-milano/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/roaming-charges-places-of-worship-piazza-duomo-milano/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/peter-h-sand-atoll-diego-garcia-naturschutz-zwischen-menschenrecht-und-machtpolitik/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/peter-h-sand-atoll-diego-garcia-naturschutz-zwischen-menschenrecht-und-machtpolitik/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/peter-h-sand-atoll-diego-garcia-naturschutz-zwischen-menschenrecht-und-machtpolitik/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/antonio-cassese-five-masters-of-international-law-conversations-with-r-j-dupuy-e-jimenez-de-arechaga-r-jennings-l-henkin-and-o-schachter/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/antonio-cassese-five-masters-of-international-law-conversations-with-r-j-dupuy-e-jimenez-de-arechaga-r-jennings-l-henkin-and-o-schachter/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/antonio-cassese-five-masters-of-international-law-conversations-with-r-j-dupuy-e-jimenez-de-arechaga-r-jennings-l-henkin-and-o-schachter/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/general-principles-and-comparative-law/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/general-principles-and-comparative-law/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:41 +0000 admin This article explores the source ‘general principles of international law’ from the point of view of comparative law scholarship. The currently accepted definition of general principles and methodology for identifying such principles are critiqued. The criterion of the representativeness of the major families of legal systems, to which courts and tribunals tend to pay lip service rather than applying rigorously, is meant to anchor general principles in state consent, but is not a sound technique either for identifying principles of relevance to international law or for preventing judges from referring only to the legal systems they know best. Furthermore, the emphasis on extracting the essence of rules results in leaving behind most of what is interesting and useful in what judges may have learned by studying municipal legal systems. Comparative scholarship is an obvious, rich, and strangely neglected source of guidance for international judges who wish to draw insights from legal systems outside international law.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/general-principles-and-comparative-law/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-dynamics-of-international-legal-regime-formation-the-sino-british-joint-declaration-on-the-question-of-hong-kong-revisited/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-dynamics-of-international-legal-regime-formation-the-sino-british-joint-declaration-on-the-question-of-hong-kong-revisited/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:41 +0000 admin The academic literature on the systems that govern relations between states is rich but not without gaps. The subject of international legal regime formation is one that may benefit from further exploration. The protracted and unnerving process leading to the signing of a path-breaking agreement between China and the United Kingdom regarding the future of Hong Kong, a topic which has fascinated historians but has not galvanized socio-legal researchers into action on a meaningful scale, may offer considerable insights pertaining to the development of governance systems that regulate complex interaction between states.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-dynamics-of-international-legal-regime-formation-the-sino-british-joint-declaration-on-the-question-of-hong-kong-revisited/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/generalparticular-international-law-and-primarysecondary-rules-unitary-terminology-of-a-fragmented-system/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/generalparticular-international-law-and-primarysecondary-rules-unitary-terminology-of-a-fragmented-system/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:41 +0000 admin This article takes issue with certain fundamental aspects of the fragmentation analysis by addressing the normative underpinnings of the proposition that international law is structured as a legal system. To this end, focus is had on the unitary character of the general/particular international law and primary/secondary rules terminology, as normative differentiations to the international legal system (the ‘whole’), by virtue of the residual (default) applicability of the sets of norms they denote. Ergo, on the one hand, the doubts expressed by the ILC Study Group on Fragmentation concerning the allegedly obscure meaning and scope of the term ‘general international law’ are dispelled by demonstrating that the term indeed signifies the set of international legal norms binding erga omnes; on the other, the article elaborates on the crucial role of the distinction between primary and secondary norms for the proper operation of lex specialis, focal to the fragmentation analysis. Overall, the pertinence of the general/particular international law and primary/secondary norms termini technici in international adjudication supports the view that the international legal system is indeed equipped with the proper normative tools to cope with the challenges set by fragmentation.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/generalparticular-international-law-and-primarysecondary-rules-unitary-terminology-of-a-fragmented-system/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/gerd-hankel-das-totungsverbot-im-krieg/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/gerd-hankel-das-totungsverbot-im-krieg/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/gerd-hankel-das-totungsverbot-im-krieg/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/munich-alumni-and-the-evolution-of-international-human-rights-law/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/munich-alumni-and-the-evolution-of-international-human-rights-law/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:41 +0000 admin As a tribute to Bruno Simma on the occasion of his 70th birthday this article follows the traces of two of his fellow alumni from Munich University who belonged to the first generation of ‘droit-de-l’hommistes’. In the early 1940s they laid the foundations for the entrenchment of human rights in the international legal order. Ernst Rabel and Karl Loewenstein, who taught in Munich during the inter-war period, each played a significant role in breaking the mould of isolationism prevalent in German legal scholarship at the time. Hitler’s rise to power, however, put an abrupt end to the internationalization of legal thought in Germany. Rabel and Loewenstein, like many other legal scholars of Jewish descent, were forced into exile. It so happened that in 1942 the two Munich alumni were invited by the American Law Institute to join a committee ‘representing the major cultures of the world’. This committee was charged with the momentous task of drafting an international bill of rights for a new post-war global order. Their draft was later to become the single most important blueprint for the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Against this backdrop the article attempts to identify the specific contribution made by Rabel and Loewenstein to the evolution of international human rights law.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/munich-alumni-and-the-evolution-of-international-human-rights-law/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-dynamics-of-international-legal-regime-formation-the-sino-british-joint-declaration-on-the-question-of-hong-kong-revisited-a-reply-to-roda-mushkat/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-dynamics-of-international-legal-regime-formation-the-sino-british-joint-declaration-on-the-question-of-hong-kong-revisited-a-reply-to-roda-mushkat/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-dynamics-of-international-legal-regime-formation-the-sino-british-joint-declaration-on-the-question-of-hong-kong-revisited-a-reply-to-roda-mushkat/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/doing-justice-to-the-political-the-international-criminal-court-in-uganda-and-sudan-a-rejoinder-to-bas-schotel/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/doing-justice-to-the-political-the-international-criminal-court-in-uganda-and-sudan-a-rejoinder-to-bas-schotel/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/doing-justice-to-the-political-the-international-criminal-court-in-uganda-and-sudan-a-rejoinder-to-bas-schotel/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/horizontal-review-between-international-organizations-why-how-and-who-cares-about-corporate-regulatory-capture/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/horizontal-review-between-international-organizations-why-how-and-who-cares-about-corporate-regulatory-capture/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:41 +0000 admin A diverse set of national and international bodies is increasingly commenting upon other organizations’ compliance with ‘global administrative law’ norms, creating a complex network of interaction and review. Although many forms of interaction can be identified and observed, horizontal review between international organizations appears to be relatively rare. This article examines one instance in which review did emerge: the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe’s criticisms of the transparency and accountability of the World Health Organization (WHO) during the H1N1 pandemic. Two key questions arise from the case study. First, what structural or institutional features allowed inter-institutional review to take place? And, secondly, why would two institutions have such divergent views of an international organization’s accountability and transparency? The analysis suggests that a key factor in allowing horizontal review to occur is diversity in institutional composition – in terms either of membership, distribution of power between members, or interests represented by members. In this case study, the Parliamentary Assembly represented the interests of states’ legislative branches, whereas the WHO representatives reflect the interests of states’ executive branches. Variations in baseline assumptions regarding the WHO’s function in regulating infectious disease response and to whom it should be accountable may partially explain the substantive divergence of opinion.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/horizontal-review-between-international-organizations-why-how-and-who-cares-about-corporate-regulatory-capture/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/nino-in-his-own-words-in-this-issue-the-last-page-and-roaming-charges/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/nino-in-his-own-words-in-this-issue-the-last-page-and-roaming-charges/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/nino-in-his-own-words-in-this-issue-the-last-page-and-roaming-charges/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-dynamics-of-international-legal-regime-formation-the-sino-british-joint-declaration-on-the-question-of-hong-kong-revisited-a-rejoinder-to-kevin-tan/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-dynamics-of-international-legal-regime-formation-the-sino-british-joint-declaration-on-the-question-of-hong-kong-revisited-a-rejoinder-to-kevin-tan/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-dynamics-of-international-legal-regime-formation-the-sino-british-joint-declaration-on-the-question-of-hong-kong-revisited-a-rejoinder-to-kevin-tan/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/on-first-understanding-platos-republic/20111221/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/on-first-understanding-platos-republic/20111221/#comments Thu, 22 Dec 2011 00:45:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/on-first-understanding-platos-republic/20111221/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-poplars-of-east-and-west/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-poplars-of-east-and-west/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:48 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-poplars-of-east-and-west/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/re-introducing-walther-schucking/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/re-introducing-walther-schucking/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:47 +0000 admin Walther Schücking was one of most prominent international lawyers of his generation, and yet an outsider among the German legal academic establishment. He was a progressive liberal who placed great trust in the civilizing role of international law, and yet, when serving as a World Court judge from 1930 to 1935, seemed to integrate quickly into the Court’s most conservative bench. His views were said to be ‘destined to become the law of the future’, and yet his influence on the codification and progressive development of the ‘international law of the future’ after World War II was negligible. So who was Walther Schücking, and in what respect, if any, is he part of a European Tradition in International Law? This article introduces Schücking and the main features of his work, and therefore sets the stage for the subsequent, more specialized contributions to the Schücking symposium.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/re-introducing-walther-schucking/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/fighting-maritime-piracy-under-the-european-convention-on-human-rights/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/fighting-maritime-piracy-under-the-european-convention-on-human-rights/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:47 +0000 admin On the basis of real examples of anti-piracy operations conducted in the Indian Ocean by European navies, the article examines the legal implications of such military actions and their judicial medium- and long-term consequences in the framework of the European Convention on Human Rights. The only existing authority directly addressing maritime piracy, although from the sole perspective of state jurisdiction, is the recent Grand Chamber judgment in Medvedyev and Others v. France. The Court’s approach and conclusions in Medvedyev will be analysed in section 2. Section 3 will explore other important issues likely to be raised under the Convention by anti-piracy operations. Section 4 will consider the question of state responsibility, i.e., jurisdiction and attribution, in the context of anti-piracy operations carried out on the high seas or on the territory of third states.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/fighting-maritime-piracy-under-the-european-convention-on-human-rights/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/between-the-public-and-the-private/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/between-the-public-and-the-private/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:47 +0000 admin This review essay seeks to understand the link between Hersch Lauterpacht’s biography and his scholarship by using the dichotomy of the ‘private’/’public’ divide. It argues that this dichotomy is a repeated motif in Hersch’s life and work, and hence also in this biography. In the concluding section, the review shifts to discuss how this dichotomy is reflected in Elihu Lauterpacht’s writing.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/between-the-public-and-the-private/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/walther-schucking-and-the-idea-of-international-organization/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/walther-schucking-and-the-idea-of-international-organization/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:47 +0000 admin The article concentrates on the core issue of Walther Schücking’s scientific efforts and his literary production as a publicist – the idea of international organization. It begins by situating Schücking’s methodological approach, notably his desire to move beyond legal positivism, before moving on to analyse Schücking’s specific understanding of the notion of international organization. Schücking argued that the general motto ‘peace through law’ should be attained by a ‘republican organization’ of the world and stated that a relevant trend towards a true rule of law on the international level was already on its way. In fact, Schücking went even further and postulated a world confederation ‘Weltstaatenbund’ as the centrepiece of the reform of international law and the key for the realization of all further progress in the field. Having assessed features of Schücking’s reform programme, which he put forward with considerable consistency, the article argues that Schücking is rightly seen as a pioneer who broke new ground in analysing the phenomenon of international organization.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/walther-schucking-and-the-idea-of-international-organization/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/gaius-vattel-and-the-new-global-law-paradigm/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/gaius-vattel-and-the-new-global-law-paradigm/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:47 +0000 admin Emer de Vattel (1714–1767), in his influential work The Law of Nations, established a new international statist paradigm which broke with the classical partition of the law into the three realities of ‘persons, things and actions’ (personae, res, actiones). This new paradigm substituted the state for the person, downgraded the generic concept of ‘things’ to the obligations among states in their relations, and changed the focus of the concept of ‘action’ to that of ‘war’ as a legal remedy to resolve conflicts between and among states. This international paradigm (or statist paradigm) has survived almost up to our time in international praxis. Nonetheless, today the statist paradigm appears to be in every way insufficient, since it does not consider humanity as a genuine political community, nor does it reflect the three-dimensionality of the global law phenomenon. The transformation of the law that governs our international community (international law) into a law that is capable of properly ordering the new global human community (global law) demands the creation of a new paradigm, originating in the following conceptual triad: global human community, global issues, and global rule of law. In the construction of this new global paradigm, cosmopolitan constitutionalism could play a key role.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/gaius-vattel-and-the-new-global-law-paradigm/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/immunities-of-state-officials-international-crimes-and-foreign-domestic-courts-a-rejoinder-to-alexander-orakhelashvili/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/immunities-of-state-officials-international-crimes-and-foreign-domestic-courts-a-rejoinder-to-alexander-orakhelashvili/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:47 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/immunities-of-state-officials-international-crimes-and-foreign-domestic-courts-a-rejoinder-to-alexander-orakhelashvili/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/contribution-of-the-reims-school-to-the-debate-on-the-critical-analysis-of-international-law-assessment-and-limits/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/contribution-of-the-reims-school-to-the-debate-on-the-critical-analysis-of-international-law-assessment-and-limits/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:47 +0000 admin The changes which have occurred in the world and the failure of the mechanism of collective security oblige lawyers to open a new critical approach to international law. In this context, it is important to come back to the French movement known as Critique du droit, and more especially to the work produced in the Reims Colloquia under Professor Chaumont’s authority. This theoretical contribution points out the link between the norms of law and the concrete conditions of their formation. It considers the compulsory nature of norms as a result of a compromise between several contradictions, and by doing so, it opens a new window on the understanding of law. But, today, this theory has to be completed by a deeper analysis of the concept of sovereignty. The consequence of this core concept is the contractual nature of most norms of international law. It is quite impossible to build a universal international law, the emergence of general imperative norms being hitherto too weak. International law, dominated by sovereignty, is inadequate to protect world society.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/contribution-of-the-reims-school-to-the-debate-on-the-critical-analysis-of-international-law-assessment-and-limits/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/walther-schucking-and-the-pacifist-traditions-of-international-law/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/walther-schucking-and-the-pacifist-traditions-of-international-law/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:47 +0000 admin In this article I discuss four pacifist traditions in international law in play during the 20th century, in the context of the Symposium on Walther Schücking. The article addresses the fact that these pacifist traditions have contributed to shaping the way in which we view international law today and how we understand our current world. Essentially, we see the globe as an entity legally organized through treaties, international courts for dispute settlement, and international organizations with worldwide jurisdiction. The science of law tries, with difficulty, to grasp all these phenomena in a unitary manner. Moreover, pacifism has influenced our choice of legal techniques. At the core of the pacifist traditions lies the wish of a group of pacifist intellectuals, among them Walther Schücking, to achieve a peaceful transition to what they viewed as an unavoidable state of economic interdependence on a global scale. Their specific purpose was peace – ‘peace through law’. Beyond that, it occurred to almost none of them to question the beneficial aspects of their internationalist projects and the economic interdependence behind them. Peace was raised then to the level of the highest good. Who would dare dethrone it? This article suggests that we live in an era of pacifist international law. The article also takes the approach that the very existence of a variety of pacifist traditions shows that political pluralism may coexist with pacifism. Peace is indisputably a common good and pacifism does not necessarily prevent politics from continuing to flourish.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/walther-schucking-and-the-pacifist-traditions-of-international-law/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/stephan-w-schill-ed-international-investment-law-and-comparative-public-law/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/stephan-w-schill-ed-international-investment-law-and-comparative-public-law/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:47 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/stephan-w-schill-ed-international-investment-law-and-comparative-public-law/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/whither-fragmentation-on-the-literature-and-sociology-of-international-investment-law/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/whither-fragmentation-on-the-literature-and-sociology-of-international-investment-law/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:47 +0000 admin Few international legal fields have seen an increase in literature over the past decade as steep as international investment law. This reflects the growing interest in practice and academia in what is probably not only the most dynamic area of international law but also one with significant impact on domestic law and policy-making. What is striking, apart from the sheer enormity of writing, however, is the changes the discourse on international investment law has undergone. Focus, topics, conceptual and methodological approaches, authorship, and audiences of the present literature differ significantly from that of the turn of the millennium. This reflects both an evolution in the law itself and changes in the professional, political, and institutional practices and communities involved. The literature on international investment law thus is a reflection of the sociological dimension of a discipline that until recently was the province of a small group of specialists and now is rapidly moving mainstream.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/whither-fragmentation-on-the-literature-and-sociology-of-international-investment-law/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/towards-a-positive-application-of-complementarity-in-the-african-human-rights-system-issues-of-functions-and-relations/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/towards-a-positive-application-of-complementarity-in-the-african-human-rights-system-issues-of-functions-and-relations/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:47 +0000 admin According to the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights establishing the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights, the main function of the Court is to complement the protective mandate of the already existing African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights. Thus, complementarity was introduced into the framework of the African human rights system. Since then, the concept of complementarity has also been brought into play in the Protocol to the Statute of the proposed African Court of Justice and Human Rights. Although the interim rules of procedure of the Court and of the Commission have sought to give meaning to the concept of complementarity, there is still very little understanding of how it will pan out in the system. Questions abound as to the exact implication it would have on the existing mechanisms of the Commission. Almost nothing has been said or written on its impact on the African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child. Against this background, this article argues that complementarity in the African human rights system can be applied positively by adopting a normative approach that allows for the prescription of what the system’s supervisory institutions should do and how they should relate to each other in their work. The article argues further that the justifications for the introduction of judicial organs can also be employed to prescribe complementary functions for each supervisory institution. It concludes that applying complementarity positively would require encouraging each institution to focus on its strengths with a view to strengthening the overall effectiveness of the system.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/towards-a-positive-application-of-complementarity-in-the-african-human-rights-system-issues-of-functions-and-relations/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/professor-walther-schucking-at-the-permanent-court-of-international-justice/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/professor-walther-schucking-at-the-permanent-court-of-international-justice/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:47 +0000 admin In 1930, it was seen as critical by many to have a German jurist elected to the bench of the Permanent Court of Justice, and this was indeed achieved by the election of Walther Schücking. It may seem a paradox that in the following years where, in many cases, the Permanent Court exercised self-restraint and embraced arguments based on state sovereignty, probably the greatest supporter of notions of international organization and community to be associated with the work of the Permanent Court, namely Walther Schücking, occupied a permanent position on the bench. But then his ‘optimism’ was simply an extrapolation of the state on to the international level, leaving key values such as state sovereignty essentially unaffected. The interest in Schücking’s contributions to the work of the Permanent Court lies not least in the fact that, even today, many lawyers approach international law in manners similar to his.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/professor-walther-schucking-at-the-permanent-court-of-international-justice/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/immunities-of-state-officials-international-crimes-and-foreign-domestic-courts-a-reply-to-dapo-akande-and-sangeeta-shah/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/immunities-of-state-officials-international-crimes-and-foreign-domestic-courts-a-reply-to-dapo-akande-and-sangeeta-shah/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:47 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/immunities-of-state-officials-international-crimes-and-foreign-domestic-courts-a-reply-to-dapo-akande-and-sangeeta-shah/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/bruce-d-jones-shepard-forman-and-richard-gowan-eds-cooperating-for-peace-and-security-evolving-institutions-and-arrangements-in-a-context-of-changing-us-security-policy/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/bruce-d-jones-shepard-forman-and-richard-gowan-eds-cooperating-for-peace-and-security-evolving-institutions-and-arrangements-in-a-context-of-changing-us-security-policy/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:47 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/bruce-d-jones-shepard-forman-and-richard-gowan-eds-cooperating-for-peace-and-security-evolving-institutions-and-arrangements-in-a-context-of-changing-us-security-policy/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-genesis-of-the-gats-general-agreement-on-trade-in-services/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-genesis-of-the-gats-general-agreement-on-trade-in-services/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:47 +0000 admin The Uruguay Round services negotiations saw the light of day amidst pressures from lobbies in developed countries, unilateral retaliatory actions, and ideological struggle in the developing world. The final outcome, the GATS, certainly characterized by a complex structure and awkward drafting here and there, is not optimal but is an important first step towards the liberalization of trade in services. This article traces the GATS negotiating history, from its very beginning in the late 1970s, paying particular attention to the main forces that brought the services dossier to the multilateral trading system (governments, industries, and academics), and the interaction between developed and developing countries before and during the Uruguay Round. We will follow the actions, positions, and negotiating stances of four trading partners – Brazil, the European Union, India, and the United States – that were key in the development of the GATS. Finally, we will, indicatively at least, try to attribute a ‘paternity’ (or, rather, a ‘maternity’) to some key features and provisions of the agreement.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-genesis-of-the-gats-general-agreement-on-trade-in-services/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/roaming-charges-moments-of-dignity-polish-youth-on-warsaws-pilsudski-square/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/roaming-charges-moments-of-dignity-polish-youth-on-warsaws-pilsudski-square/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:47 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/roaming-charges-moments-of-dignity-polish-youth-on-warsaws-pilsudski-square/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/simon-chesterman-and-angelina-fisher-eds-private-security-public-order-the-outsourcing-of-public-services-and-its-limits/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/simon-chesterman-and-angelina-fisher-eds-private-security-public-order-the-outsourcing-of-public-services-and-its-limits/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:47 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/simon-chesterman-and-angelina-fisher-eds-private-security-public-order-the-outsourcing-of-public-services-and-its-limits/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/frank-s-benyon-direct-investment-national-champions-and-eu-treaty-freedoms-from-maastricht-to-lisbon/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/frank-s-benyon-direct-investment-national-champions-and-eu-treaty-freedoms-from-maastricht-to-lisbon/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:47 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/frank-s-benyon-direct-investment-national-champions-and-eu-treaty-freedoms-from-maastricht-to-lisbon/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/how-effective-is-the-united-nations-committee-against-torture/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/how-effective-is-the-united-nations-committee-against-torture/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:47 +0000 admin This article examines the question of how states have responded to the comments of the United Nations Committee against Torture through an analysis of eight Western European states. It is concluded that the Committee’s recommendations have had a substantial impact in four of the states surveyed, however only a limited effect in two other states, and little or no impact in the two remaining states. These findings lead to concerns as regards the effectiveness of the Committee against Torture. The article focuses on the Concluding Observations made by the Committee on the reports submitted by the states in question.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/how-effective-is-the-united-nations-committee-against-torture/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/laws-frontier-walther-schucking-and-the-quest-for-the-lex-ferenda/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/laws-frontier-walther-schucking-and-the-quest-for-the-lex-ferenda/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:47 +0000 admin Based on a short recapitulation of Schücking’s family background and his formative years as a law student and young scholar, the article then focuses on Schücking as a left-liberal politician and – strongly influenced by Kant’s tract on Perpetual Peace – as an adherent to a progressive international legal order based on the Organization of the World and the rule of law. Schücking participated in the Versailles Peace Conference and in this capacity supported the League of Nations project. However, he became increasingly critical with regard to the Versailles Peace Treaty which he held to be shortsighted and prone to lead to another World War. He withdrew from his political activities and concentrated on developing his concept of an international law as a dynamic tool to induce the necessary process of peaceful change.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/laws-frontier-walther-schucking-and-the-quest-for-the-lex-ferenda/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-european-tradition-in-international-law-walther-schucking/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-european-tradition-in-international-law-walther-schucking/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:47 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-european-tradition-in-international-law-walther-schucking/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/editorial-the-birth-of-israel-and-palestine-the-ifs-of-history-then-and-now-junior-faculty-forum-for-international-law-the-last-page-and-roaming-charges-eric-stein-rip-in-this-issue/20110921/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/editorial-the-birth-of-israel-and-palestine-the-ifs-of-history-then-and-now-junior-faculty-forum-for-international-law-the-last-page-and-roaming-charges-eric-stein-rip-in-this-issue/20110921/#comments Wed, 21 Sep 2011 07:02:46 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/editorial-the-birth-of-israel-and-palestine-the-ifs-of-history-then-and-now-junior-faculty-forum-for-international-law-the-last-page-and-roaming-charges-eric-stein-rip-in-this-issue/20110921/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/midas/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/midas/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:15:01 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/midas/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/armin-von-bogdandy-and-jurgen-bast-eds-principles-of-european-constitutional-law/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/armin-von-bogdandy-and-jurgen-bast-eds-principles-of-european-constitutional-law/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:15:01 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/armin-von-bogdandy-and-jurgen-bast-eds-principles-of-european-constitutional-law/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/impressions-georg-dahm-volkerrecht-3-volumes-1958-1961/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/impressions-georg-dahm-volkerrecht-3-volumes-1958-1961/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:15:01 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/impressions-georg-dahm-volkerrecht-3-volumes-1958-1961/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/jutta-brunnee-stephen-j-toope-legitimacy-and-legality-in-international-law/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/jutta-brunnee-stephen-j-toope-legitimacy-and-legality-in-international-law/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:15:01 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/jutta-brunnee-stephen-j-toope-legitimacy-and-legality-in-international-law/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/nikolaus-forgo-regine-kollek-marian-arning-tina-kruegel-and-imme-petersen-ethical-and-legal-requirements-for-transnational-genetic-research/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/nikolaus-forgo-regine-kollek-marian-arning-tina-kruegel-and-imme-petersen-ethical-and-legal-requirements-for-transnational-genetic-research/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:15:01 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/nikolaus-forgo-regine-kollek-marian-arning-tina-kruegel-and-imme-petersen-ethical-and-legal-requirements-for-transnational-genetic-research/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/nancy-a-combs-fact-finding-without-facts-the-uncertain-evidentiary-foundations-of-international-criminal-convictions/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/nancy-a-combs-fact-finding-without-facts-the-uncertain-evidentiary-foundations-of-international-criminal-convictions/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:15:01 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/nancy-a-combs-fact-finding-without-facts-the-uncertain-evidentiary-foundations-of-international-criminal-convictions/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/donatella-della-porta-and-manuela-caiani-social-movements-and-europeanization/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/donatella-della-porta-and-manuela-caiani-social-movements-and-europeanization/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:15:01 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/donatella-della-porta-and-manuela-caiani-social-movements-and-europeanization/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/charles-leben-the-advancement-of-international-law/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/charles-leben-the-advancement-of-international-law/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:15:01 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/charles-leben-the-advancement-of-international-law/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/stephan-w-schill-the-multilateralization-of-international-investment-law/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/stephan-w-schill-the-multilateralization-of-international-investment-law/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:15:01 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/stephan-w-schill-the-multilateralization-of-international-investment-law/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/what-has-become-of-the-emerging-right-to-democratic-governance/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/what-has-become-of-the-emerging-right-to-democratic-governance/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:15:00 +0000 admin In 1992 the American Journal of International Law published an article by Tom Franck entitled ‘The Emerging Right to Democratic Governance’. The article inaugurated an important debate on the relationship between international law and democracy. Reviewing that debate, I examine four different ways of thinking about the contemporary significance of the emerging right to democratic governance. While not claiming that any is wrong, I consider some respects in which each is limited. I also discuss Haiti, as a country which inspired the thesis of the emerging democratic entitlement, and one which remains illuminating for it today.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/what-has-become-of-the-emerging-right-to-democratic-governance/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-rise-and-fall-of-democracy-governance-in-international-law-a-reply-to-susan-marks/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-rise-and-fall-of-democracy-governance-in-international-law-a-reply-to-susan-marks/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:15:00 +0000 admin Although going down a different path, this article reaches similar conclusions to those formulated by Susan Marks. It starts by showing that the years 1989–2010 can be hailed as an unprecedented epoch of international law during which domestic governance came to be regulated to an unprecedented extent. This materialized through the coming into existence of a requirement of democratic origin of governments which has been dubbed the principle of democratic legitimacy. However, this article argues that the rapid rise of non-democratic super-powers, growing security concerns at the international level, the 2007–2010 economic crisis, the instrumentalization of democratization policies of Western countries as well as the rise of some authoritarian superpowers could be currently cutting short the consolidation of the principle of democratic legitimacy in international law. After sketching out the possible rise (1) and fall (2) of the principle of democratic legitimacy in the practice of international law and the legal scholarship since 1989, the article seeks critically to appraise the lessons learnt from that period, especially regarding the ability of international law to regulate domestic governance (3) and the various dynamics that have permeated the legal scholarship over the last two decades (4). In doing so, it sheds some light on some oscillatory dynamics similarly pinpointed by Susan Marks in her contribution to this journal.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-rise-and-fall-of-democracy-governance-in-international-law-a-reply-to-susan-marks/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/law-promotion-beyond-law-talk-the-red-cross-persuasion-and-the-laws-of-war/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/law-promotion-beyond-law-talk-the-red-cross-persuasion-and-the-laws-of-war/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:15:00 +0000 admin The International Committee of the Red Cross casts itself as both a unique protector of individual victims of war and a special guardian of the body of international humanitarian law. It manages and reconciles these two roles through a complex, unconventional strategy that includes secret communications with warring parties, ambiguity in conveying its legal views to them, and, at times, a complete avoidance of legal arguments when persuading actors to follow international rules. This modus operandi not only challenges some standard views about the methods used by actors seeking to convince law violators to comply with norms; it also opens the door to a richer theoretical understanding of legal argumentation in that process of persuasion. The resulting construct consists of a matrix of inputs that determine how a persuading entity will deploy legal arguments and outputs that convey the dimensions of the resulting argumentation. Both the theory and the ICRC’s work suggest that entities concerned with compliance would often do best to settle for a target to act consistently with a norm rather than to internalize it. They also raise difficult moral questions about whether compliance with international law is the optimal goal if it has adverse consequences for the values an institution seeks to uphold.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/law-promotion-beyond-law-talk-the-red-cross-persuasion-and-the-laws-of-war/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-audacity-of-the-texacocalasiatic-award-rene-jean-dupuy-and-the-internationalization-of-foreign-investment-law/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-audacity-of-the-texacocalasiatic-award-rene-jean-dupuy-and-the-internationalization-of-foreign-investment-law/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:15:00 +0000 admin The Texaco Overseas Petroleum Company and California Asiatic Oil Company v. The Government of the Libyan Arab Republic awards refer to concession contract provisions and a political context that are now obsolete. Thus, this article argues on the one hand that the award on the merits, delivered in January 1977, provides an unparalleled opportunity to survey almost every facet of the world of international investment arbitration of the past. On the other hand, the award must nevertheless also be read as forward-looking. By fostering a shift from the traditional hegemony of national jurisdiction in international investment law to the internationalization of international contracts, the article underlines that the award on the merits remains the finest example of René-Jean Dupuy’s long-lasting contribution to international law doctrine. By way of conclusion, it suggests that it provides the very best expression and point of entry into Professor Dupuy’s understanding and shaping of what he coined ‘la communauté’.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-audacity-of-the-texacocalasiatic-award-rene-jean-dupuy-and-the-internationalization-of-foreign-investment-law/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-thoughts-of-rene-jean-dupuy-methodology-or-poetry-of-international-law/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-thoughts-of-rene-jean-dupuy-methodology-or-poetry-of-international-law/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:15:00 +0000 admin If the thoughts of René-Jean Dupuy had to be reduced to an expression, it would be his method of ‘open dialectic’ applied to international law and society which enabled him to highlight the dynamic opposition of ‘relational’ and ‘institutional’ international trends in an impressive array of short surveys and ambitious synthesis. This article first aims to remind readers of the accuracy of Dupuy’s comprehensive approach to international law and society, in that he never disregarded the meaning of rules and institutions for actors – mainly political ones – the underlying values and justice considerations or even myths beyond technical rules or political antagonisms. But it does not suffice to celebrate the visionary and rhetorical skills of Dupuy. His contribution to the methodology of international law has to be assessed. Did he build up a new paradigm? Considering some incertainties in the method of open dialectic and some shortcomings in his core concepts (inter alia a quite static conception of sovereignty), it may be doubted.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-thoughts-of-rene-jean-dupuy-methodology-or-poetry-of-international-law/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/demystifying-the-art-of-interpretation/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/demystifying-the-art-of-interpretation/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:15:00 +0000 admin Despite its codification by the Vienna Convention more than 40 years ago, treaty interpretation in international law continues to evolve as its function of providing predictability in international relations remains as important as ever. The voluminous recent literature testifies to the continuing scholarly interest in interpretation, even if sometimes at the cost of over-theorizing. This essay reviews six books that seek to demystify the art of treaty interpretation. Written by European scholars, the books take a fresh look at interpretation but differ in their approaches and scope of analyses. While all six authors study the interpretive practice of international courts and tribunals, Gardiner, Linderfalk and Van Damme focus on treaty interpretation; Fernández de Casadevante Romani, Kolb and Orakhelashvili also examine the interpretation of decisions by international organizations, unilateral acts and customary international law. Kolb and Orakhelashvili opt for a comprehensive, theoretically-grounded approach, whereas Van Damme focuses on the interpretative practice of the WTO Appellate Body. On the strength of her perceptive and nuanced analysis of WTO jurisprudence, the book is the best guide among the six to interpretation in international law generally. In addition to Van Damme’s work, the practitioner will also find Gardiner’s book particularly useful.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/demystifying-the-art-of-interpretation/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/a-democratic-rule-of-international-law/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/a-democratic-rule-of-international-law/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:15:00 +0000 admin This article examines the way in which we should make sense of, and respond to, the democratic deficit that results from global governance through international law following the partial collapse of the Westphalian political settlement. The objective is to evaluate the possibilities of applying the idea of deliberative (‘democratic’) legitimacy to the various and diverse systems of law. The model developed at the level of the state is imperfectly applied to the inter-state system and the legislative activities of non-state actors. Further, regulation by non-state actors through international law implies the exercise of legitimate authority, which depends on the introduction of democratic procedures to determine the right reasons that apply to subjects of authority regimes. In the absence of legitimate authority, non-state actors cannot legislate international law norms. The article concludes with some observations on the problems for the practice of democracy in the counterfactual ideal circumstances in which a plurality of legal systems legislate conflicting democratic law norms and the implications of the analysis for the regulation of world society.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/a-democratic-rule-of-international-law/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/response-the-perils-of-exaggeration/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/response-the-perils-of-exaggeration/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:14:59 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/response-the-perils-of-exaggeration/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/a-bureaucratic-turn/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/a-bureaucratic-turn/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:14:59 +0000 admin The article discusses the question whether Waldron’s new analogy shifts the paradigm of international governance from a relationship that is based on law to a relationship that views participating actors as involved in some kind of common creative problem-solving effort. The implied change from ‘law’ to ‘process’ would raise serious concerns about what it might entail for the rights of citizens.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/a-bureaucratic-turn/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/positivism-and-the-pesky-sovereign/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/positivism-and-the-pesky-sovereign/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:14:59 +0000 admin I argue that Hans Kelsen anticipated the main contribution of Jeremy’s Waldron’s article: the idea that the place of nation states in the international legal order is akin to that of administrative agencies in the domestic legal order, and thus as wielding delegated rather than original authority. For both wish to understand sovereignty as a kind of metaphor for the unity of a legal system rather than as a pre-legal entity. However, legal positivism is unable to make the move to conceiving of sovereignty that way, since the positivist prejudice against natural law has the result that the idea of a pre-legal sovereign is repressed in one place only to pop up in multiple others. In issue in this debate are two conceptions of the rule of law, a positivistic conception that the rule of law consists mainly of determinate rules and a Fullerian conception in which the rule of law is understood as facilitating a certain process of reason and argument. Since Waldron sees the attraction of the latter conception, and since that conception avoids the problem of the pesky sovereign, I suggest that Waldron should embrace it.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/positivism-and-the-pesky-sovereign/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/roaming-charges-berlin/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/roaming-charges-berlin/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:14:59 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/roaming-charges-berlin/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/sovereignty-international-law-and-democracy/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/sovereignty-international-law-and-democracy/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:14:59 +0000 admin In my reply to Jeremy Waldron’s article ‘Are Sovereigns Entitled to the Benefit of the International Rule of Law?’, I draw upon and in some ways expand Waldron’s important contribution to our understanding of the international rule of law. First of all, I suggest that Waldron’s argument about the international rule of law can be used to illuminate how we should understand the legitimate authority of international law over sovereign states, but also how some of sovereign states’ residual independence ought to be protected from legitimate international law. Secondly, I argue that the democratic pedigree of the international rule of law plays a role when assessing how international law binds democratic sovereign states and whether the international rule of law can and ought to benefit their individual subjects. Finally, I emphasize how Waldron’s argument that the international rule of law ought to benefit individuals in priority has implications for the sources of international law and for what sources can be regarded as sources of valid law.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/sovereignty-international-law-and-democracy/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/are-sovereigns-entitled-to-the-benefit-of-the-international-rule-of-law-an-introduction/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/are-sovereigns-entitled-to-the-benefit-of-the-international-rule-of-law-an-introduction/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:14:59 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/are-sovereigns-entitled-to-the-benefit-of-the-international-rule-of-law-an-introduction/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/sovereign-indignities-international-law-as-public-law/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/sovereign-indignities-international-law-as-public-law/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:14:59 +0000 admin Two analogies lie at the core of Professor Waldron’s article. The first is the claim that the standard analogy by which the state in international law is like the individual in domestic law is misleading; the state in international law is more like a government agency in domestic law. The second is that international law is (or is like) a species of public law and should be treated as such by domestic legal systems. I examine both claims, arguing (a) that even if we accept the first analogy it does not get us to the deeper levels of respect and commitment to international law that Waldron argues for, and (b) that the ‘floating normativity’ inherent in the second claim leads Waldron to overlook the specific organizational and structural conditions of international law. This leaves Waldron’s position weakest where it should have most to offer: namely, in instances where our commitment to international law on one hand and the rule of law on the other seem to pull in opposite directions.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/sovereign-indignities-international-law-as-public-law/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/rene-jean-dupuy-and-the-tragic-city-the-surveyor-the-captain-and-the-poet/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/rene-jean-dupuy-and-the-tragic-city-the-surveyor-the-captain-and-the-poet/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:14:59 +0000 admin R.-J. Dupuy’s works are based on a dialectical approach to international law which integrates the inner strife and the various antagonisms that beset the ‘terrestrial city’. Nevertheless he refused Hegel’s dialectic which opposes thesis and anthithesis to produce a sterile synthesis and leads to rigidity. On the contrary, Dupuy’s ‘open dialectic’ is based on the rejection of mechanistic and deterministic philosophies, and his description of the terrestrial city is dynamic, perpetually confronting opposite points of view through the eyes of the ‘Captain’, the ‘Surveyor’, and the ‘Poet’ symbolizing the need for order, for change, and for transcendence.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/rene-jean-dupuy-and-the-tragic-city-the-surveyor-the-captain-and-the-poet/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/are-sovereigns-entitled-to-the-benefit-of-the-international-rule-of-law/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/are-sovereigns-entitled-to-the-benefit-of-the-international-rule-of-law/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:14:59 +0000 admin The applicability of the ideal we call ‘the Rule of Law’ (ROL) in international law (IL) is complicated by (1) the fact that there is no overarching world government from whom we need protection (of the sort that the ROL traditionally offers) and it is also complicated by (2) the fact that IL affects states, in the first instance, rather than individuals (for whose sake we usually insist on ROL requirements). The article uses both these ideas as points of entry into a consideration of the applicability of the ROL in IL. It suggests that the ‘true’ subjects of IL are really human individuals (billions of them) and it queries whether the protections that they need are really best secured by giving national sovereigns the benefit of ROL requirements in IL. For example, a national sovereign’s insistence that IL norms should not be enforced unless they are clear and determinate may mean that individuals have fewer protections against human rights violations. More radically, it may be appropriate to think of national sovereigns more as ‘officials’ or ‘agencies’ of the IL system than as its subjects. On this account, we should consider the analogous situation of officials and agencies in a municipal legal system: are officials and agencies in need of, or entitled to, the same ROL protections as private individuals? If not, then maybe it is inappropriate to think that sovereign states are entitled to the same ROL protections at the international level as individuals are entitled to at the municipal level.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/are-sovereigns-entitled-to-the-benefit-of-the-international-rule-of-law/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/a-transatlantic-friendship-rene-jean-dupuy-and-wolfgang-friedmann/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/a-transatlantic-friendship-rene-jean-dupuy-and-wolfgang-friedmann/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:14:59 +0000 admin René-Jean Dupuy and Wolfgang Friedmann were good friends and for a large part shared a common vision of how post-World War II international law was structured and the ways in which it was evolving. It is worth comparing their respective views as they reflect the way in which a generation of international lawyers perceived in particular the impact of international organizations on modern international law seen as a true international legal order. Although influenced by the ideas of that period (the 1960s and 1970s), the views of these two great ‘men of vision’ remain of immense interest for the present and for times to come.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/a-transatlantic-friendship-rene-jean-dupuy-and-wolfgang-friedmann/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/editorial-60-years-since-the-first-european-community-reflections-on-political-messianism/20110623/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/editorial-60-years-since-the-first-european-community-reflections-on-political-messianism/20110623/#comments Thu, 23 Jun 2011 09:14:59 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/editorial-60-years-since-the-first-european-community-reflections-on-political-messianism/20110623/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/on-fragile-architecture-the-un-declaration-on-the-rights-of-indigenous-peoples-in-the-context-of-human-rights/20110408/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/on-fragile-architecture-the-un-declaration-on-the-rights-of-indigenous-peoples-in-the-context-of-human-rights/20110408/#comments Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:23:41 +0000 admin This article traces the development of the international human rights and international indigenous rights movements, with a particular eye towards their points of convergence and divergence and the extent to which each has influenced the other. Focusing on the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, it argues that the document, while apparently pushing the envelope in its articulation of self-determination and collective rights, also represents the continued power and persistence of an international human rights paradigm that eschews strong forms of indigenous self-determination and privileges individual civil and political rights. In this sense, it signifies the continued limitation of human rights, especially in terms of the recognition of collective rights, in a post-Cold War era in which a particular form of human rights has become the lingua franca of both state and non-state actors.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/on-fragile-architecture-the-un-declaration-on-the-rights-of-indigenous-peoples-in-the-context-of-human-rights/20110408/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/danny-nicol-the-constitutional-protection-of-capitalism/20110408/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/danny-nicol-the-constitutional-protection-of-capitalism/20110408/#comments Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:23:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/danny-nicol-the-constitutional-protection-of-capitalism/20110408/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/towards-a-jurisprudential-articulation-of-indigenous-land-rights/20110408/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/towards-a-jurisprudential-articulation-of-indigenous-land-rights/20110408/#comments Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:23:41 +0000 admin As expert analysis concentrates on indigenous rights instruments, particularly the long fought for 2007 UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, a body of jurisprudence over indigenous land and resources parallels specialized standard-setting under general human rights treaties. The aim of the present article is to provide a practical and comparative perspective on indigenous land rights based on the process of jurisprudential articulation under such treaties, principally in the Inter-American and African contexts. While specialized standards inevitably generate a view of such rights (and, indeed, indigenous rights more generally) as a set of entitlements separate from general human rights, judicial and quasi-judicial practice as it exists or is being developed within regional and global human rights systems is effectively shaping up their content and meaning. I argue that indigenous land rights jurisprudence reflects a distinctive type of human rights discourse, which is an indispensable point of reference to vest indigenous land issues with greater legal significance. From a practical standpoint, focussing on human rights judicial and quasi-judicial action to expand existing treaty-based regimes and promote constructive partnerships with national courts, though not a panacea to all the intricacies of indigenous rights, does appear to offer a more realistic alternative to advocacy strategies primarily based on universally binding principles (at least at this stage) or the disengagement of domestic systems from international (human rights) law.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/towards-a-jurisprudential-articulation-of-indigenous-land-rights/20110408/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/re-envisaging-the-international-law-of-internal-armed-conflict-a-reply-to-sandesh-sivakumaran/20110408/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/re-envisaging-the-international-law-of-internal-armed-conflict-a-reply-to-sandesh-sivakumaran/20110408/#comments Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:23:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/re-envisaging-the-international-law-of-internal-armed-conflict-a-reply-to-sandesh-sivakumaran/20110408/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/emmanuel-decaux-les-formes-contemporaines-de-lesclavage/20110408/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/emmanuel-decaux-les-formes-contemporaines-de-lesclavage/20110408/#comments Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:23:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/emmanuel-decaux-les-formes-contemporaines-de-lesclavage/20110408/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-criminalization-of-offences-against-cultural-heritage-in-times-of-armed-conflict-the-quest-for-consistency/20110408/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-criminalization-of-offences-against-cultural-heritage-in-times-of-armed-conflict-the-quest-for-consistency/20110408/#comments Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:23:41 +0000 admin This article undertakes a comparative analysis of the two main international legal instruments providing for offences against cultural property and cultural heritage in times of armed conflict in order to assess existing gaps and lacunas, and to make suggestions on how better to advance the protection of cultural property through international criminal law. The International Criminal Court Statute takes a very retrograde attitude to this kind of crime – which the author calls the civilian-use approach – whereas the Second Protocol to the 1954 Hague Convention on the Protection of Cultural Property in Times of Armed Conflict seems far more innovative, preferring a cultural-value oriented approach. The author concludes that the latter approach is more appropriate and that, at present, the most effective tool for pursuing war crimes against cultural property is Protocol II to the 1954 Hague Convention. It is thus crucial to promote ratification by a large number of states and to encourage states to adopt implementing legislation that may allow domestic judges to prosecute the most serious crimes against cultural heritage on the basis of jurisdictional criteria provided for in Protocol II to the 1954 Hague Convention.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-criminalization-of-offences-against-cultural-heritage-in-times-of-armed-conflict-the-quest-for-consistency/20110408/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/steven-wheatley-the-democratic-legitimacy-of-international-law/20110408/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/steven-wheatley-the-democratic-legitimacy-of-international-law/20110408/#comments Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:23:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/steven-wheatley-the-democratic-legitimacy-of-international-law/20110408/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/re-envisaging-the-international-law-of-internal-armed-conflict/20110408/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/re-envisaging-the-international-law-of-internal-armed-conflict/20110408/#comments Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:23:41 +0000 admin The regulation of internal armed conflict by international law has come a long way in a very short space of time. Until the early 1990s, there were a minimum of international law rules applicable to internal armed conflict. Today, the situation has changed almost beyond recognition with a healthy body of international law applicable to internal armed conflict. This change has taken place in three principal ways – through analogy to the law of international armed conflict, through resort to international human rights law, and through the use of international criminal law. Each of these approaches stressed its similarity to internal armed conflict or to international humanitarian law. They proved immensely important, filling in what was a more or less blank canvas. However, there are limits to how far they can take us. Today, the canvas is no longer blank and a step back is needed in order to assess the existing state of affairs. Focusing not on the similarities between international and internal armed conflicts or between the various bodies of international law, but on their differences, will allow us to ascertain what further work is in order. It will allow us to identify gaps in regulation and refine relevant rules. It will also force us to re-think our approach to particular issues. Only in this way will we be able to develop the international law of internal armed conflict further.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/re-envisaging-the-international-law-of-internal-armed-conflict/20110408/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/aida-torres-perez-conflicts-of-rights-in-the-european-union-a-theory-of-supranational-adjudication/20110408/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/aida-torres-perez-conflicts-of-rights-in-the-european-union-a-theory-of-supranational-adjudication/20110408/#comments Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:23:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/aida-torres-perez-conflicts-of-rights-in-the-european-union-a-theory-of-supranational-adjudication/20110408/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/filippo-fontanelli-giuseppe-martinico-paolo-carrozza-eds-shaping-rule-of-law-through-dialogue-international-and-supranational-experiences/20110408/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/filippo-fontanelli-giuseppe-martinico-paolo-carrozza-eds-shaping-rule-of-law-through-dialogue-international-and-supranational-experiences/20110408/#comments Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:23:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/filippo-fontanelli-giuseppe-martinico-paolo-carrozza-eds-shaping-rule-of-law-through-dialogue-international-and-supranational-experiences/20110408/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-last-page-5/20110408/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-last-page-5/20110408/#comments Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:23:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-last-page-5/20110408/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/re-envisaging-the-international-law-of-internal-armed-conflict-a-rejoinder-to-gabriella-blum/20110408/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/re-envisaging-the-international-law-of-internal-armed-conflict-a-rejoinder-to-gabriella-blum/20110408/#comments Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:23:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/re-envisaging-the-international-law-of-internal-armed-conflict-a-rejoinder-to-gabriella-blum/20110408/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-cultural-rights-of-indigenous-peoplesachievements-and-continuing-challenges/20110408/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-cultural-rights-of-indigenous-peoplesachievements-and-continuing-challenges/20110408/#comments Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:23:41 +0000 admin The novel international legal regime of the rights and status of indigenous peoples has emerged in direct response to the concerted efforts and demands of indigenous communities regarding the survival and the flourishing of their distinct cultures. Its high point, as of yet, has been the 2007 UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, now enjoying virtually universal support. This article locates the regime of the Declaration within post-World War II value-oriented international law; it highlights its novel, essentially communal rights to culture, self-determination, and land; and it assesses its content within existing sources of international law. It ends with an appraisal of the progress made, and an evaluation of the challenges ahead.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-cultural-rights-of-indigenous-peoplesachievements-and-continuing-challenges/20110408/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/andrea-carcano-loccupazione-delliraq-nel-diritto-internazionale/20110408/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/andrea-carcano-loccupazione-delliraq-nel-diritto-internazionale/20110408/#comments Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:23:41 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/andrea-carcano-loccupazione-delliraq-nel-diritto-internazionale/20110408/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-restitution-of-holocaust-looted-art-and-transitional-justice-the-perfect-storm-or-the-raft-of-the-medusa/20110408/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-restitution-of-holocaust-looted-art-and-transitional-justice-the-perfect-storm-or-the-raft-of-the-medusa/20110408/#comments Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:23:40 +0000 admin This article considers the legal difficulties associated with restituting Holocaust-looted art. Can such claims provide platforms for examining the associated cultural implications of both the looting and restitution programmes? Notwithstanding its centrality to Nazism and the Holocaust, looting’s reversal was not a post-war Allied priority. Consequently, looting’s painful after-effects leave a sense of unfinished business. Restitution traditionally envisages a high profile for law and, in particular, courts. Taken together with restitution’s importance within reconciliation processes, this highlights that these cases are clearly located within transitional justice discourse. For example, property restoration is entwined with reconstitution of individual and group identities. The article concludes that restitution is crucial to successful completion of transitional justice processes. However, law’s role must be re-imagined beyond the current adversarial/judicial paradigm which fails within its own limited understandings of restitution and hampers rather than enhances reconciliation processes.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-restitution-of-holocaust-looted-art-and-transitional-justice-the-perfect-storm-or-the-raft-of-the-medusa/20110408/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/intangible-cultural-heritage-the-living-culture-of-peoples/20110408/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/intangible-cultural-heritage-the-living-culture-of-peoples/20110408/#comments Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:23:40 +0000 admin Intangible cultural heritage (ICH), made up of all immaterial manifestations of culture, represents the variety of living heritage of humanity as well as the most important vehicle of cultural diversity. The main ‘constitutive factors’ of ICH are represented by the ‘self-identification’ of this heritage as an essential element of the cultural identity of its creators and bearers; by its constant recreation in response to the historical and social evolution of the communities and groups concerned; by its connection with the cultural identity of these communities and groups; by its authenticity; and by its indissoluble relationship with human rights. The international community has recently become conscious that ICH needs and deserves international safeguarding, triggering a legal process which culminated with the adoption in 2003 of the UNESCO Convention on the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage. This Convention correctly highlights the main elements of ICH and is based on the right philosophical rationale, but its operational part – structured on the model provided by the 1972 World Heritage Convention – appears to be inadequate to ensure appropriate safeguarding of the specificities of intangible heritage. This article argues that to correct such inadequacy, international safeguarding of ICH must rely on the concomitant application, even though in an indirect manner, of international human rights law, for the reason that ICH represents a component of cultural human rights and an essential prerequisite to ensure the actual realization and enjoyment of individual and collective rights of its creators and bearers.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/intangible-cultural-heritage-the-living-culture-of-peoples/20110408/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/selecting-heritage-the-interplay-of-art-politics-and-identity/20110408/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/selecting-heritage-the-interplay-of-art-politics-and-identity/20110408/#comments Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:23:40 +0000 admin This article discusses the international protection of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) by a UNESCO-based regime created by the 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage. This Convention has experienced very fast ratification (127 states parties less than seven years after its approval), but this is in no small part attributable to a certain lack of ‘legal bite’ of the instrument. There are several layers of state sovereignty imbued in the instrument, as well as weak mechanisms for community participation. These are reflected by a state prerogative in determining what the intangible heritage within their territories is for international safeguarding purposes, therefore having the chance to stifle internal dissent by ignoring minority cultures or even appropriating them and depriving them of political meanings. The early practice under the Convention, including the first nominations, puts these structural shortcomings in further evidence. However, recent reforms to the operational directives for the implementation of the Convention have already taken decisive steps towards increasing community participation, even when this means eroding state privileges with regard to the Convention.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/selecting-heritage-the-interplay-of-art-politics-and-identity/20110408/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/editorial-demystifying-the-ejil-selection-and-editorial-process-how-does-one-get-published-in-ejil-who-gets-published-in-ejil-in-the-dock-in-paris-the-judgment-in-this-issue/20110408/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/editorial-demystifying-the-ejil-selection-and-editorial-process-how-does-one-get-published-in-ejil-who-gets-published-in-ejil-in-the-dock-in-paris-the-judgment-in-this-issue/20110408/#comments Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:23:40 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/editorial-demystifying-the-ejil-selection-and-editorial-process-how-does-one-get-published-in-ejil-who-gets-published-in-ejil-in-the-dock-in-paris-the-judgment-in-this-issue/20110408/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/genocide-and-restitution-ensuring-each-groups-contribution-to-humanity/20110408/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/genocide-and-restitution-ensuring-each-groups-contribution-to-humanity/20110408/#comments Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:23:40 +0000 admin The protection of minorities in modern international law is intimately connected with and fuelled the recognition of the crimes of persecution and genocide. Minority protection represented the proactive component of the international efforts to ensure the contribution of certain groups to the cultural heritage of humankind. Prohibition and prosecution of persecution and genocide represented the reactive element of these same efforts. The restitution of cultural property to persecuted groups by the international community was recognition that their ownership and control of these physical manifestations was necessary for the realization of this purpose. In this article, I consider the emergence, contraction, and revival of the interconnection between minority protection, the prevention and punishment of genocide, and the protection and restitution of cultural heritage over the last century-long development of international law. It is argued that the central aim driving and interweaving these initiatives is the effort to ensure the continuing contribution of each group to the cultural heritage of all humanity.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/genocide-and-restitution-ensuring-each-groups-contribution-to-humanity/20110408/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-human-dimension-of-international-cultural-heritage-law-an-introduction/20110408/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-human-dimension-of-international-cultural-heritage-law-an-introduction/20110408/#comments Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:23:40 +0000 admin http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-human-dimension-of-international-cultural-heritage-law-an-introduction/20110408/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/debating-the-future-of-the-european-court-of-human-rights-after-the-interlaken-conference-two-innovative-proposals/20110201/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/debating-the-future-of-the-european-court-of-human-rights-after-the-interlaken-conference-two-innovative-proposals/20110201/#comments Tue, 01 Feb 2011 09:02:05 +0000 admin The purpose of this article is to give new impetus to the topical debate on reforming the ECHR in the wake of the Interlaken Conference, at which the ECHR states parties agreed on a roadmap for the future evolution of the Convention system. We highlight two issues which have so far been underexposed in the literature. First, reform measures relating to the new admissibility criterion, just satisfaction, and the pilot judgment procedure are only partially promising, because they are premised on the condition of their being applicable telle quelle in all the states parties. If Convention reforms are to be effective, they must take due account of differing realities relating to a country’s human rights situation and the quality of its judiciary. Secondly, given the very high proportion of so-called manifestly ill-founded applications, the Court’s practice of rejecting them without giving reasons leads it into a legitimacy problem. We suggest a new provision in the Rules of Court which makes the Court’s practice concerning the handling of manifestly ill-founded applications more transparent.

]]> http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/debating-the-future-of-the-european-court-of-human-rights-after-the-interlaken-conference-two-innovative-proposals/20110201/feed/ 0 http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-treaty-of-lisbon-half-way-toward-a-common-investment-policy/20110201/ http://law.journalfeeds.com/international/european-journal-of-international-law/the-treaty-of-lisbon-half-way-toward-a-common-investment-policy/20110201/#comments Tue, 01 Feb 2011 09:02:05 +0000 admin As a follow-up study on the external investment policy of the EU, this article attempts to analyse the relevant provisions in the Lisbon Treaty and assesses their legal implications on the international investment treaty practice of the Union and its Member States. It first briefly reviews the EU’s foreign investment competence before the Treaty of Lisbon, followed by an assessment of the different views concerning the interpretation of the Lisbon Treaty provision including ‘foreign direct investment’ under the common commercial policy. The practical legal implications of the change are discussed in the third part, including intra- and extra-EU investment treaty practices. It is concluded that while the change is significant and will greatly enhance the treaty-making competence of the EU in external investment areas, it is only a half way success toward a full common investment policy (CIP). Potential paths to achieve the ultimate goal are also briefly explored.

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